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Power analysis and sample size estimation

Ingram, Richard

Authors

Richard Ingram



Abstract

Determining appropriate sample size is often a difficult decision in the process of developing quantitative research proposals. The novice researcher may well understand that the need for an adequate sample size is an important issue, but lack the knowledge to make an informed decision. Often the sample size will be based on the constraints of practical considerations, such as time or cost, but with little confidence that the sample is adequate in any statistical sense. This paper explores power analysis as an approach to sample size estimation that can be used even by novice researchers to provide a more rational basis for such decisions. The principles underpinning power analysis and the factors that contribute to statistical power are discussed, with an example of power analysis applied to a simple experimental design. Some arguments against a perceived over-emphasis on power analysis are raised. Finally, relevant literature, computer software and World Wide Web resources are included (see Bibliography page 139).

Citation

Ingram, R. (1998). Power analysis and sample size estimation. Journal of Research in Nursing, 3(2), 132-139. https://doi.org/10.1177/174498719800300210

Journal Article Type Article
Publication Date Dec 1, 1998
Journal Journal of Research in Nursing
Print ISSN 1744-9871
Electronic ISSN 1744-988X
Publisher SAGE Publications
Peer Reviewed Not Peer Reviewed
Volume 3
Issue 2
Pages 132-139
DOI https://doi.org/10.1177/174498719800300210
Keywords power analysis, statistics, sampling, sample size
Public URL https://uwe-repository.worktribe.com/output/1099985
Publisher URL http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/174498719800300210


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